![]() The high-velocity motive fluid and low-pressure suction fluid mix freely as they flow through the diffuser, where the mixture experiences a shockwave transition back to a subsonic state. The low-pressure region within the steam chest then entrains a “suction fluid” (process vapor and or/air) through a connecting inlet. In this scenario, steam is the “motive fluid” that creates a localized vacuum in the steam chest (aka suction chamber). The momentum of this supersonic, saturated steam forces displacement in the steam chest as it exits the nozzle. When the pressure energy (aka potential energy) of low-velocity steam flows through a nozzle, the result is high-velocity, low-pressure steam. These energy transfers operate according to the jet vacuum principle, which illustrates the inverse relationship of potential and kinetic energy in supersonic, sonic, or subsonic flows as the velocity of a moving fluid (liquid or gas) increases, the pressure within the fluid decreases. ![]() The number of condenser stages in each design is dependent on the temperature of the cooling fluid at the inlet of the first stage’s condenser.Įjectors use converging-diverging nozzle technology to convert potential energy into kinetic energy. The number of ejector stages in each design can range from one to six, the number of stages is determined by the level of vacuum required. This reduces the vapor load handled by each successive ejector, thereby improving overall system efficiency. Condensers are normally situated between ejector stages to collect and capture condensable liquid and particles in the stream. There are two main types of condensers used in vacuum systems: Direct contact condensers (aka “mixing” or “Barometric”) and Surface condensers (aka “non-mixing” or “shell and tube”). Condensers are designed for removing/exchanging heat between a hot fluid and coolant. The most critical component of a vacuum system is the ejector, and it consists of four main parts: the steam chest, steam nozzle/s, suction head, and diffuser.Ĭondensers are a heat transfer device that promotes condensation. ![]() A vacuum system usually consists of two main components: Ejectors and Condensers. Ejector vacuum systems offer a reliable and economical means of handling and compressing low to high flow gas streams at high, medium, and low levels of vacuum. ![]()
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